Since 1.2 introduced the Anvil Format, WorldEdit (either SP or via bukkit) provides the //setbiome command to change the biome directly in-game.
For bukkit, there is also BioMed, which I have not used - it seems to offer some features WorldEdit doesn't, like "Convert whole maps to the same biome!" and "Spawn nether mobs in a normal world!"
For out-game: the MCEdit FAQ states
Can I use MCEdit to edit the weather/biomes/temperature/snowfall?
Currently, you can't. The new Anvil format does store biome data in the region files now, however, so the ability to do so will be added in a future version. Otherwise you can change the random seed, but that has other side effects.
However, this post claims you can use this MCEdit plugin to already modify the biomes, though I have not yet tested it.