Essential Braid seems to be the same on all platforms (PC/XBox360/PS3). Same levels, same achievements (12).
I don't know about the console games, but I can add that Braid Steam version implements two useful Steamworks features:
- Steam Cloud: that allows you to store your savegames online ("in cloud") so that you can continue your worlds traverse from other PCs (or from the same if you loose accidentally lose data on your HDD)
- Steam Play: that allows you to play also from Mac with your digital copy