The first versions of KSP were hard, because there was no help at all. Figuring out trajectories indeed was a major pain, and I can imagine why you bailed out.
The current version is much more accessible, in sandbox mode. That's because you get all the components. Some of them are rather critical to get to other planets and are entirely, totally overkill just to get in orbit. In career mode, however, you'll only get a few components to start with. That's hard in a different way: there's only so much you can do, and it will be quite a while before you can get to Mun.
So, if you get frustrated, ignore the tutorial and grab some big, BIG rocket components. Use a big orange Jumobo tank, a big Mainsail engine, a sturdy Mk1-2 command pod, a decoupler between tank and engine, and an XL parachute. I don't think you need fins.
There are two core fundamentals in space flight: the most efficient acceleration is forward and backwards, which are the lime indicators on the navball. Secondly, your orbit has a high point (apoapsis) and low point(periapsis). To increase the height of one, accelerate in the opposite point.
Finally, the quick tip to get to the Mun is to get in a low circular orbit, starting eastward from the base, and wait for the Mun to rise above the horizon. Then accelerate until your apoapsis touches Mun orbit.
Personally, I use MechJeb. This is a smart calculator which gives many important figures. For instance, it can show orbital information. So that Munshot becomes a lot easier: you can see the predicted apoapsis and you just accelerate until it hits 11400 km. (Don't try to be too precise, you'll just hit the Mun if you go for 11400 km exactly.)