How to do you find and acquire all the Pokemon Go candy colors?

Question

There are different candy colors in Pokemon Go. Where can each color be found?

Answer 1

The candies are never referred to by their color, but instead by the Pokemon they are for which are colored respectively to match them. There is one candy for each Pokemon and all their evolutions use the same candy type. For example, there isn't a Vaporeon candy only an Eevee candy and so the candy is brown.

You get the specific Pokemon candy by catching them, evolving them, transferring them, and hatching them and any of their evolutions.

Answer 2

I have not found the colors referenced anywhere yet, but you can create a candy using the following three layers.

Here is an example of masking the layers with green.

Here are the images with transparency.

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Update

I have compiled a list of the known primary/secondary colors for each pokemon.

+----+------------+--------------+----------------+----------+
| id |  pokemon   | primaryColor | secondaryColor | verified |
+----+------------+--------------+----------------+----------+
|  1 | Bulbasaur  | #36C8A4      | #A3FB83        | TRUE     |
|  2 | Charmander | #F09230      | #FFE699        | TRUE     |
|  3 | Squirtle   | #85C4D6      | #F2E8BE        | TRUE     |
|  4 | Caterpie   | #A5CD87      | #FAE3B1        | TRUE     |
|  5 | Weedle     | #E7BC83      | #DB76AD        | TRUE     |
|  6 | Pidgey     | #E9E0B7      | #D29E65        | TRUE     |
|  7 | Rattata    | #A989BA      | #D9D7BE        | TRUE     |
|  8 | Spearow    | #EBB9A0      | #FE5D6C        | TRUE     |
|  9 | Ekans      | #CBA8C9      | #F1E090        | TRUE     |
| 10 | Pikachu    | #F5D368      | #E2A65D        | TRUE     |
| 11 | Sandshrew  | #E0D2A4      | #C9B180        | TRUE     |
| 12 | Nidoran F  | #C5D3E4      | #9697C5        | TRUE     |
| 13 | Nidoran M  | #D59FC1      | #C37096        | TRUE     |
| 14 | Clefairy   | #F1D3D1      | #F1BFC0        | TRUE     |
| 15 | Vulpix     | #F5865E      | #F6D29C        | TRUE     |
| 16 | Jigglypuff | #F1D2E1      | #EAB9CE        | TRUE     |
| 17 | Zubat      | #478ABF      | #DC8DD7        | TRUE     |
| 18 | Oddish     | #7095BF      | #75C06B        | TRUE     |
| 19 | Paras      | #F1873D      | #FFD159        | TRUE     |
| 20 | Venonat    | #998FD6      | #E24379        | TRUE     |
| 21 | Diglett    | #B08570      | #EEC5DC        | TRUE     |
| 22 | Meowth     | #ECE0C4      | #FFE28A        | TRUE     |
| 23 | Psyduck    | #F4C487      | #EEEED8        | TRUE     |
| 24 | Mankey     | #E5D6CB      | #C3927F        | TRUE     |
| 25 | Growlithe  | #F3A056      | #3F3D2A        | TRUE     |
| 26 | Poliwag    | #849FCA      | #ECECF6        | TRUE     |
| 27 | Abra       | #E5CE5C      | #8E7994        | TRUE     |
| 28 | Machop     | #A1BBDE      | #DCCEB1        | TRUE     |
| 29 | Bellsprout | #EBE16E      | #AFD57E        | TRUE     |
| 30 | Tentacool  | #71ACD8      | #C24589        | TRUE     |
| 31 | Geodude    | #ACA078      | #756108        | TRUE     |
| 32 | Ponyta     | #EDE7C7      | #F59062        | TRUE     |
| 33 | Slowpoke   | #DFA1B9      | #EEE1C7        | TRUE     |
| 34 | Magnemite  | #D0DAE0      | #92B6C6        | TRUE     |
| 35 | Farfetch'd | #AC9E95      | #95FB97        | TRUE     |
| 36 | Doduo      | #C89462      | #AF755F        | TRUE     |
| 37 | Seel       | #C7DFE8      | #B6CAED        | TRUE     |
| 38 | Grimer     | #BFA4C7      | #5F5370        | TRUE     |
| 39 | Shellder   | #AB9CC5      | #E0B5B3        | TRUE     |
| 40 | Gastly     | #242223      | #9B7FB7        | TRUE     |
| 41 | Onix       | #B5B6B8      | #626264        | TRUE     |
| 42 | Drowzee    | #F8CB58      | #AF7961        | TRUE     |
| 43 | Krabby     | #EB9063      | #EDD9CE        | TRUE     |
| 44 | Voltorb    | #B64656      | #F0E5EA        | TRUE     |
| 45 | Exeggcute  | #F4DDE7      | #EFC3C1        | TRUE     |
| 46 | Cubone     | #D4D5D6      | #CBB57A        | TRUE     |
| 47 | Hitmonlee  | #BD9F88      | #EEE1C7        | TRUE     |
| 48 | Hitmonchan | #C8ABBB      | #E4643B        | TRUE     |
| 49 | Lickitung  | #E3AEB9      | #F0E4CA        | TRUE     |
| 50 | Koffing    | #8B8FAE      | #DEE0BF        | TRUE     |
| 51 | Rhyhorn    | #BCBDBF      | #959CA2        | TRUE     |
| 52 | Chansey    | #E0AEB2      | #C68D87        | TRUE     |
| 53 | Tangela    | #666C9D      | #E46E8C        | TRUE     |
| 54 | Kangaskhan | #978781      | #E3DDB8        | TRUE     |
| 55 | Horsea     | #9FCFE9      | #FCF7D7        | TRUE     |
| 56 | Goldeen    | #E6E6E7      | #F38469        | TRUE     |
| 57 | Staryu     | #B49569      | #F5E688        | TRUE     |
| 58 | Mr_Mime    | #E56387      | #FFCED5        | TRUE     |
| 59 | Scyther    | #92C587      | #F6F0CF        | TRUE     |
| 60 | Jynx       | #C44552      | #643187        | TRUE     |
| 61 | Electabuzz | #F5DB77      | #14175E        | TRUE     |
| 62 | Magmar     | #F5D477      | #F0664E        | TRUE     |
| 63 | Pinsir     | #BCB1AB      | #CFD4D8        | TRUE     |
| 64 | Tauros     | #D8A058      | #887E6F        | TRUE     |
| 65 | Magikarp   | #E87839      | #F6F0CF        | TRUE     |
| 66 | Lapras     | #6BA7D4      | #FFF0DA        | TRUE     |
| 67 | Ditto      | #AD8DBE      | #DBD8BE        | TRUE     |
| 68 | Eevee      | #CA9761      | #7E5621        | TRUE     |
| 69 | Porygon    | #E7757C      | #6BC7C5        | TRUE     |
| 70 | Omanyte    | #DDDCCC      | #73CEE2        | TRUE     |
| 71 | Kabuto     | #C18335      | #4E4E48        | TRUE     |
| 72 | Aerodactyl | #D4BAD3      | #B196C5        | TRUE     |
| 73 | Snorlax    | #326583      | #E3DACE        | TRUE     |
| 74 | Articuno   |              |                | FALSE    |
| 75 | Zapdos     |              |                | FALSE    |
| 76 | Moltres    |              |                | FALSE    |
| 77 | Dratini    | #90AED4      | #EFEAE6        | TRUE     |
| 78 | Mewtwo     |              |                | FALSE    |
| 79 | Mew        |              |                | FALSE    |
+----+------------+--------------+----------------+----------+