The Fallout series is famous for its Atompunk aesthetics, which is heavily inspired by the aesthetics of post-war America during the period of 1945–1969. Fallout draws its inspiration primarily from the 50s, according to Wikipedia:
The series is set during the 21st, 22nd and 23rd centuries, and its atompunk retrofuturistic setting and art work are influenced by the post-war culture of 1950s United States
This isn't limited to just the music, but also extends to the artwork, the ads, and also the designs of the various machines, such as Mr. Handy, the Robobrains (among many others), and also the cars found all around.
Thus it makes sense for most of its music to come from the 50s or before. After all, there is little music more befitting of a time period, as the music that was available during said time period.
By the way, according to the Fallout Fandom, Fallout 3 and 4 feature music ranging from the 30s to the 60s, while New Vegas has music from all time periods between the 40s and 2000s.