I actually don't have the game installed at the moment, so here is a link to the video I referenced above: youtu.be/d-3iy78udTQ. I skipped through the video to find him using search and found an instance around 48:20. But they talk about how to use it super early.

My apologies. Well there is no UI marker leading you to that city. However since the Antarctic Late Summer Patch a Search tool has been added to the game. So you could enter the city name within that tool and it should allow you to find the city that way. I think this might be limited to tiles that you have seen at one point or another, but I would have to confirm that limitation through some tests. However you would not have had to see the city for sure, just the tile that is below it. I use the feature to find all of the uranium on the map after it is discovered. Does this help?